Dr sandra lee 28

How Do Blackheads Form?

Blackheads are a common type of acne that form when a hair follicle (pore) becomes clogged with a mix of sebum (oil), dead skin cells, and sometimes bacteria. Here's a step-by-step breakdown of how they develop:

1. Excess Oil Production
   The skin naturally produces sebum through sebaceous glands to keep it moisturized. However, hormonal changes, oily skin types, or certain skincare products can cause the skin to produce too much oil.

2. Clogged Pores
   When sebum mixes with dead skin cells, it can form a plug inside the opening of a hair follicle. This blocks the pore and traps oil inside.

3. Open Comedones
   If the top of the clogged pore remains open, the plug is exposed to air. The oxygen in the air oxidizes the sebum and dead skin cells, turning them dark — this is what gives blackheads their black or dark appearance.

4. Difference from Whiteheads
   If the pore closes over the clog, it creates a whitehead instead — a closed comedone. In contrast, blackheads are open at the surface.

Factors That Contribute to Blackhead Formation

• Hormonal changes (especially during puberty, menstruation, or pregnancy)

• Poor skincare habits (not cleansing properly)

• Oily or acne-prone skin

• Use of comedogenic (pore-clogging) products

• High humidity or sweating

• Diet (some studies suggest high-glycemic foods may worsen acne)

Key takeaway:
Blackheads are not caused by dirt. Scrubbing the skin hard won’t remove them — it can make things worse. Instead, gentle cleansing, exfoliation, and using ingredients like salicylic acid or retinoids can help clear and prevent them.

Let me know if you'd like this explanation in a more scientific or simple format.