Usually considered normal or functional (especially in menstruating women)
Often go away on their own
No treatment usually needed
Common and still often harmless
May be watched with routine ultrasounds
Need regular monitoring
Can sometimes twist (causing ovarian torsion), especially if they’re fluid-filled
May need treatment if causing symptoms or not shrinking
More likely to cause pain, rupture, or torsion
May press on other organs
Often need surgical evaluation, especially if solid or not clearly benign
Causes sudden severe pain (possible rupture or torsion)
Looks solid or complex (not just fluid-filled) on ultrasound
Happens after menopause
Grows quickly
Causes bloating, pressure, or changes in periods
Has internal bleeding or fluid leakage
Most ovarian cysts are not cancerous and don’t require surgery.
However, if you have pain, pressure, irregular bleeding, or a cyst larger than 5–7 cm, it’s important to follow up with a doctor and get an ultrasound.
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