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What Is an Abscess?

An abscess is a swollen, painful lump filled with pus caused by a bacterial infection. It forms when your body’s immune system tries to fight off invading germs. White blood cells rush to the area, creating pus — a thick fluid made of dead cells, bacteria, and tissue debris.

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Types of Abscesses

• Skin Abscess – Appears on or under the skin, often red, warm, and tender.

• Dental Abscess – Develops inside the tooth, gum, or jaw.

• Internal Abscess – Forms inside the body’s organs or cavities (less common but more serious).

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Common Causes

• Bacterial infections entering through cuts or wounds

• Blocked oil or sweat glands

• Infected hair follicles

• Tooth decay or gum disease

• Complications from surgery or injury

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Symptoms

• Swelling and redness

• Pain or tenderness

• Warmth over the affected area

• Pus or fluid drainage

• Fever and fatigue (in more serious cases)

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Treatment

Small abscesses may drain and heal on their own, but many require medical care. A doctor or dentist may:

• Drain the abscess using sterile tools

• Prescribe antibiotics to clear the infection

• Treat the underlying cause to prevent recurrence

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When to Seek Help

• Fever, chills, or spreading redness

• Abscess near the eyes, face, spine, or genitals

• Rapidly increasing swelling or pain

• Difficulty breathing or swallowing

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Conclusion
An abscess is your body’s way of walling off and fighting an infection. While some may heal naturally, many require professional treatment to prevent complications and ensure complete recovery.