Severe Ingrown Toenail Infection: Causes, Treatment, and Care

Introduction

An ingrown toenail occurs when the edge of the toenail grows into the surrounding skin. While mild cases may only cause discomfort, severe infections (like the one in the image) can lead to intense pain, swelling, pus formation, and difficulty walking. If not treated, the infection can spread deeper into the toe.

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Causes of Severe Ingrown Toenail Infections

1. Improper Nail Trimming – Cutting nails too short or rounding the edges encourages the nail to grow into the skin.

2. Tight Shoes – Constant pressure from footwear pushes the nail inward.

3. Injury – Trauma to the toe can change nail growth direction.

4. Poor Hygiene – Bacteria and fungi thrive in warm, moist environments.

5. Genetics – Naturally curved or thick toenails increase the risk.

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Symptoms

• Severe pain and tenderness around the toenail

• Redness and swelling of the toe

• Pus or yellow discharge (infection)

• Thickened or deformed nail

• Difficulty wearing shoes or walking

• In advanced cases, fever or spreading redness

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Medical Treatments

For severe cases, home remedies are not enough. A doctor or podiatrist may recommend:

1. Drainage of Pus – Cleaning the infected area to remove trapped fluid.

2. Antibiotics – Oral or topical medication to fight infection.

3. Partial Nail Removal (Wedge Resection) – Removing only the ingrown portion of the nail.

4. Complete Nail Removal – In very severe cases, the whole nail may be removed.

5. Matrixectomy – Destroying part of the nail root to prevent recurrence.

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Home Care (for Mild to Moderate Cases or Post-Surgery)

⚠️ For the condition in the picture, medical attention is strongly advised. Still, here are supportive steps:

• Warm Salt Water Soak: 2–3 times a day to reduce swelling.

• Keep Toe Clean and Dry: Change bandages regularly.

• Pain Relief: Over-the-counter painkillers may help.

• Wear Open-Toed Shoes: To relieve pressure on the toe.

• Avoid Squeezing or Cutting the Nail at Home: It can worsen infection.

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Prevention Tips

• Cut nails straight across, not rounded.

• Avoid cutting nails too short.

• Wear shoes with enough room for your toes.

• Maintain good foot hygiene.

• If you have diabetes or circulation problems, check your feet daily and see a doctor at the first sign of infection.

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Conclusion

A severe ingrown toenail infection is not only painful but also dangerous if untreated. While mild cases may respond to warm soaks and careful care, advanced cases like the one shown in the picture usually require surgical removal and medical treatment. With proper care, most patients heal within a few weeks and can prevent future infections by following safe nail-cutting practices and wearing comfortable shoes.