What Causes Mango Worms in Dogs and How to Prevent Them

Mango worms, also known as Cordylobia anthropophagy or tumbu fly larvae, are parasitic insects that infest the skin of animals and sometimes humans. These worms are common in tropical regions of Africa and parts of Asia, and they can cause serious discomfort and infections in dogs.

If you’ve ever seen small bumps on a dog’s skin that seem to move or contain pus, mango worms could be the reason. Understanding how these parasites form, spread, and how to prevent them is essential for every pet owner — especially if you live in or travel to warm, humid areas.

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What Are Mango Worms?

Mango worms are the larvae (immature stage) of the tumbu fly. The adult fly lays eggs on dirty soil, bedding, or clothing contaminated with urine or feces. When a dog lies on that surface, the tiny larvae penetrate its skin, usually through hair follicles or small wounds.

Once inside the skin, the larvae grow and feed on tissue for several days, forming painful, boil-like bumps. Eventually, they mature and crawl out of the skin to complete their life cycle in the soil.

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How Do Mango Worms Form in Dogs?

The process begins when:

1. Eggs Are Laid by the Fly – The adult female tumbu fly lays up to 500 eggs at a time, usually on soil or fabric that has traces of organic material (sweat, feces, urine).

2. Larvae Hatch and Wait for a Host – The eggs hatch within 1–3 days, and the larvae remain on the surface waiting for a warm-blooded host like a dog to come in contact.

3. Skin Penetration – When a dog lies on contaminated ground or bedding, the larvae burrow into the skin using tiny hooks and enzymes.

4. Larval Growth Under the Skin – Inside the skin, each larva forms a small swelling or boil with a breathing hole at the center. Over 8–12 days, the worm grows larger, feeding on tissue and body fluids.

5. Emergence – After maturing, the larva exits the skin, falls to the ground, and pupates (forms a cocoon) to become an adult fly.

This cycle can cause multiple infections if not treated quickly.

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Symptoms of Mango Worm Infestation

Mango worms are easily identified by certain signs. Pet owners should look for:

• Raised bumps or boils on the dog’s skin, especially on the back, belly, or limbs

• Visible holes in the center of the bumps (used by the larvae to breathe)

• Movement under the skin in severe infestations

• Itching, redness, or irritation

• Pus or fluid discharge from the bumps

• Constant licking or scratching at one area

In advanced cases, dogs may develop fever, loss of appetite, and signs of infection if the worms are not removed.

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How to Treat Mango Worms in Dogs

1. Veterinary Treatment (Best and Safest Option)
The safest and most effective treatment is to take your dog to a veterinarian. A vet can identify the number of larvae and remove them safely using sterile tools.

• The vet will gently press around each bump to force the larva out.

• Antibiotic ointment or antiseptic will be applied to prevent infection.

• In severe infestations, oral or injectable antibiotics may be prescribed.

• Pain relief and anti-inflammatory medications can also be given.

Never attempt to squeeze out the worms at home, as this can rupture them and lead to serious infection.

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2. At-Home Care After Treatment
If your dog has already been treated, proper wound care is important for recovery:

• Keep the wounds clean and dry.

• Apply antiseptic or antibiotic cream as directed by the vet.

• Prevent your dog from licking the affected area by using an e-collar.

• Change bedding daily until the skin heals.

• Watch for swelling or pus, which could indicate infection.

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How to Prevent Mango Worms

Prevention is the key to keeping your dog safe from mango worms, especially in tropical regions. Here are some effective steps:

1. Keep Bedding and Environment Clean
Wash your dog’s bedding regularly with hot water and detergent. Avoid leaving it on the ground where flies can lay eggs.

2. Avoid Letting Dogs Lie on Bare Soil
Mango worm eggs and larvae are commonly found in dirty soil or sand. Encourage your dog to rest on clean, dry surfaces.

3. Use Insect Repellents
Ask your vet for safe insect-repellent sprays or shampoos for dogs. Some repellents contain natural ingredients like neem oil that help keep flies away.

4. Regular Grooming and Inspections
Check your dog’s skin regularly, especially after outdoor activities. Early detection helps prevent larvae from maturing under the skin.

5. Control Flies Around Your Home
Keep your surroundings clean. Dispose of garbage properly, cover food waste, and use fly traps or repellents to reduce the fly population.

6. Be Cautious When Traveling
If you travel to areas where mango worms are common, take extra precautions such as using protective bedding and keeping your pet indoors during peak fly hours.

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Can Humans Get Mango Worms from Dogs?

Yes, but it’s uncommon. Humans can become infected if they come into contact with contaminated soil, bedding, or clothing with tumbu fly eggs. The larvae can enter human skin in a similar way, causing painful boils.

To reduce this risk:

• Always wear gloves when handling an infected dog.

• Wash your hands and clothes thoroughly afterward.

• Disinfect bedding and living areas after treatment.

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When to See a Veterinarian

Contact a veterinarian immediately if:

• You notice multiple boils or bumps that worsen over time.

• Your dog shows signs of pain, fever, or loss of appetite.

• The skin around the bumps becomes red, swollen, or has pus.

Prompt treatment prevents serious infections and ensures a quicker recovery.

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Final Thoughts

Mango worms may sound frightening, but with the right knowledge and care, they are preventable and treatable. The key lies in keeping your dog clean, maintaining hygiene, and checking their skin regularly — especially if you live in a tropical climate.

Always seek veterinary help for proper diagnosis and treatment instead of attempting removal at home. With consistent prevention and care, your furry friend can stay safe, healthy, and parasite-free all year round.